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In this study, a preventive method for fighting bio-deterioration of stone substrates is proposed. This is\udbased on the use of bioactive zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs), which are able to exert a marked\udbiological activity over a long period of time due to their peculiar structure. ZnO-NPs are synthesised by\uda simple and reproducible electrochemical procedure. The nanomaterials are embedded in consolidant/\udwater-repellent matrices to obtain nanostructured coatings. Commonly used products based on\udtetraethoxysilane and/or polysiloxanes were tested. The resulting nanomaterials were fully characterised\udby X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the amount and composition of the NPs and\udthe behaviour of the nanocomposites. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was\udused for the study of the release of metal from the composites when put in contact with artificial\udrainwater. The nanocomposites were applied to specimens composed of three different types of stone\udand chromatic changes upon curing were measured by spectrophotocolorimetry. Finally, morphological\udcharacterization by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed. The bioactivity of ZnO-NPs\udnanocomposites was also assessed in preliminary tests against Aspergillus niger fungu

Characterization and behaviour of ZnO-based nanocomposites designed for the control of biodeterioration of patrimonial stoneworks