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We rapidly synthesized multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by calcination of granulated polystyrene with nickel nanoparticles having different average diameter (DNi = 10, 20, 50 or 90 nm) under nitrogen gas at a certain temperature and time (700 °C, 15 min or 800 °C, 10 min), using a domestic microwave oven in order to systematically investigate the influence of the diameter of nickel nanoparticles on the diameter of MWCNTs. The MWCNTs synthesized here were characterized by a transmission electron microscope, a Raman spectrophotometer and a wide angle X-ray diffractometer. We found that for the calcination condition of (800 °C, 10 min), a relationship between the outer diameter of the resulted carbon nanotubes (DCNT) and the diameter of catalytic nickel nanoparticles (DNi) can be described as a linear function, DCNT = 1.01DNi + 14.79 nm with the correlation coefficient R = 0.99, and that for the calcination condition of 700 °C, 15 min, DCNT = 1.12DNi + 7.80 nm with R = 0.95. Thus, we revealed that when the diameter of the catalytic nickel nanoparticles (DNi) increases by 1 nm, the outer diameter of the obtained MWCNTs (DCNT) increases by about 1 nm.

Synthesis of carbon nanotubes by microwave heating: Influence of diameter of catalytic Ni nanoparticles on diameter of CNTs