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We present theoretical analysis on why and how rechargeable metal-air typebatteries can be made significantly safer and more practical by utilizingCO2/oxalate conversions instead of O2/peroxide or O2/hydroxide ones, in thepositive electrode. Metal-air batteries, such as the Li-air one, may have verylarge energy densities, comparable to that of gasoline, theoretically allowingfor long range all-electric vehicles. There are, however, still significantchallenges, especially related to the safety of their underlying chemistries,the robustness of their recharging and the need of supplying high purity O2from air to the battery. We point out that the CO2/oxalate reversibleelectrochemical conversion is a viable alternative of the O2-based ones,allowing for similarly high energy density and almost identical voltage, whilebeing much safer through the elimination of aggressive oxidant peroxides andthe use of thermally stable, non-oxidative and environmentally benign oxalatesinstead.

CO2/oxalate Cathodes as Safe and Efficient Alternatives in High Energy Density Metal-Air Type Rechargeable Batteries