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Despite its significance in microfluidics, the effect of confinement on thetransition from the tank-treading (steady motion) to the tumbling (unsteadymotion) dynamical state of deformable micro-particles has not been studied indetail. In this paper, we investigate the dynamics of a single viscous vesicleunder confining shear as a general model system for red blood cells, capsules,or viscous droplets. The transition from tank-treading to tumbling motion canbe triggered by the ratio between internal and external fluid viscosities.Here, we show that the transition can be induced solely by reducing theconfinement, keeping the viscosity contrast constant. The observed dynamicsresults from the variation of the relative importance of viscous-, pressure-,and lubrication-induced torques exerted upon the vesicle. Our findings are ofinterest for designing future experiments or microfluidic devices: thepossibility to trigger the tumbling-to-tank-treading transition either bygeometry or viscosity contrast alone opens attractive possibilities formicrorheological measurements as well as the detection and diagnosis ofdiseased red blood cells in confined flow.

How does confinement affect the dynamics of viscous vesicles and red blood cells?