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Control of fluid dynamics at the micrometer scale is essential to emulsionscience and materials design, which is ubiquitous in everyday life and isfrequently encountered in industrial applications. Most studies on multiphaseflow focus on oil-water systems with substantial interfacial tension. Advancesin microfluidics have enabled the study of multiphase flow with more complexdynamics. Here, we show that the evolution of the interface in a jet surroundedby a co-flowing continuous phase with an ultra-low interfacial tension presentsnew opportunities to the control of flow morphologies. The introduction of aharmonic perturbation to the dispersed phase leads to the formation ofinterfaces with unique shapes. The periodic structures can be tuned bycontrolling the fluid flow rates and the input perturbation; this demonstratesthe importance of the inertial effects in flow control at ultra-low interfacialtension. Our work provides new insights into microfluidic flows at ultra-lowinterfacial tension and their potential applications.

Fluctuation-induced dynamics of multiphase liquid jets with ultra-low interfacial tension