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BiMnO 3  is a promising multiferroic material but it’s ferromagnetic  T   C   is well below room temperature and the magnetic phase diagram is unknown. In this work, the relationship between magnetic transition temperature ( T   C  ) and the substrate induced (pseudo-) tetragonal distortion (ratio of  out-of-plane  to  in-plane  lattice parameters,  c/a ) in BiMnO 3  thin films, lightly doped to optimize lattice dimensions, was determined. For  c/a  > 0.99, hidden antiferromagnetism was revealed and the magnetisation versus temperature curves showed a tail behaviour, whereas for  c/a  < 0.99 clear ferromagnetism was observed. A peak  T   C   of up to 176 K, more than 70 K higher than for bulk BiMnO 3 , was achieved through precise strain tuning. The  T   C   was maximised for strong tensile  in-plane  strain which produced weak octahedral rotations in the  out-of-plane  direction, an orthorhombic-like structure, and strong ferromagnetic coupling.

Strain-tuned enhancement of ferromagnetic TC to 176 K in Sm-doped BiMnO3 thin films and determination of magnetic phase diagram