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The Verwey transition in Fe 3 O 4  is the first metal-insulator transition caused by charge ordering. However, the physical mechanism and influence factors of Verwey transition are still debated. Herewith, the strain effects on the electronic structure of low-temperature phase (LTP) Fe 3 O 4  with  P 2/ c  and  Cc  symmetries are investigated by first-principles calculations. LTP Fe 3 O 4  with each space group has a critical strain. With  P 2/ c , Fe 3 O 4  is sensitive to the compressive strain, but it is sensitive to tensile strain for  Cc . In the critical region, the band gap of LTP Fe 3 O 4  with both two symmetries linearly increases with strain. When strain exceeds the critical value, DOS of spin-down  t  2 g   electron at Fe( B 4) with  P 2/ c  and Fe( B 42) with  Cc  changes between  d   x  2 -y 2 and  d   xz   +  d   yz  . The trimerons appear in  Cc  can be affected by strain. With a compressive strain, the correlation of trimeron along  x  and  y  axes is strengthened, but broken along the face diagonal of Fe  B 4 O 4 , which is opposite at the tensile strains. The results suggest that the electronic structure of Fe 3 O 4  is tunable by strain. The narrower or wider band gap implies a lower or higher transition temperature than its bulk without strains, which also gives a glimpse of the origin of charge-orbital ordering in Fe 3 O 4 .

Biaxial strain effect induced electronic structure alternation and trimeron recombination in Fe3O4