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Following the 2009 Pacific El Niño, a warm event developed in the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic during boreal spring of 2010 promoted a significant increase in the CO 2  fugacity of surface waters. This, together with the relaxation of the prevailing wind fields, resulted in the reversal of the atmospheric CO 2  absorption capacity of the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic. In the region 0–30°N, 62–10°W, this climatic event led to the reversal of the climatological CO 2  sink of −29.3 Tg C to a source of CO 2  to the atmosphere of 1.6 Tg C from February to May. The highest impact of this event is verified in the region of the North Equatorial Current, where the climatological CO 2  uptake of −22.4 Tg for that period ceased during 2010 (1.2 Tg C). This estimate is higher than current assessments of the multidecadal variability of the sea-air CO 2  exchange for the entire North Atlantic (20 Tg year −1 ), and highlights the potential impact of the increasing occurrence of extreme climate events over the oceanic CO 2  sink and atmospheric CO 2  composition.

Collapse of the tropical and subtropical North Atlantic CO2 sink in boreal spring of 2010