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Arterial wave transit time ( τ   w  ) in the lower body circulation is an effective biomarker of cardiovascular risk that substantially affects systolic workload imposed on the heart. This study evaluated a method for determining  τ   w   from the vascular impulse response on the basis of the measured aortic pressure and an assumed triangular flow ( Q  tri ). The base of the unknown  Q  tri  was constructed with a duration set equal to ejection time. The timing of the peak triangle was derived using a fourth-order derivative of the pressure waveform. Values of  τ   w  s obtained using  Q  tri  were compared with those obtained from the measure aortic flow wave ( Q  m ). Healthy rats ( n  = 27), rats with chronic kidney disease (CKD;  n  = 22), and rats with type 1 ( n  = 22) or type 2 ( n  = 11) diabetes were analyzed. The cardiovascular conditions in the CKD rats and both diabetic groups were characterized by a decrease in  τ   w  s. The following significant relation was observed ( P  < 0.0001):  τ   w   triQ  = −1.5709 + 1.0604 ×  τ   w   mQ  ( r  2  = 0.9641). Our finding indicates that aortic impulse response can be an effective method for the estimation of arterial  τ   w   by using a single pressure recording together with the assumed  Q  tri .

Determining arterial wave transit time from a single aortic pressure pulse in rats: vascular impulse response analysis