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A thermal gradient as the driving force for spin currents plays a key role inspin caloritronics. In this field the spin Seebeck effect (SSE) is of majorinterest and was investigated in terms of in-plane thermal gradients inducingperpendicular spin currents (transverse SSE) and out-of-plane thermal gradientsgenerating parallel spin currents (longitudinal SSE). Up to now all spincaloricexperiments employ a spatially fixed thermal gradient. Thus anisotropicmeasurements with respect to well defined crystallographic directions were notpossible. Here we introduce a new experiment that allows not only the in-planerotation of the external magnetic field, but also the rotation of an in-planethermal gradient controlled by optical temperature detection. As a consequence,the anisotropic magnetothermopower and the planar Nernst effect in a permalloythin film can be measured simultaneously and reveal a phase shift, that allowsthe quantitative separation of the thermopower, the anisotropicmagnetothermopower and the planar Nernst effect.

Quantitative separation of the anisotropic magnetothermopower and planar Nernst effect by the rotation of an in-plane thermal gradient