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Constitutive NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2, NFE2L2) activation has been recently reported to play a pivotal role in enhancing cell survival and resistance to anticancer drugs in many tumors. Wogonin had strong reversal potency via reduction of  Nrf2  mRNA in Adriamycin (ADR)-induced resistant human chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) K562/A02, but the mechanism of reduction of  Nrf2  mRNA was still unclear. In this study, we aimed to delineate the mechanism by which Wogonin suppressed transcription of  Nrf2  in resistant CML cells and further evaluate the reversal effects of Wogonin on the established animal models. Data indicated that Wogonin suppressed transcription of  Nrf2  by NF-κB inactivation. Wogonin inhibited the binding of p65 to Nrf2 by suppression of the κB-binding activity. Further research revealed the κB2 site was responsible for the decreased Nrf2 by Wogonin in resistant K562 cells. Furthermore, reduction of pY705-Stat3 was involved in inhibition of the binding of p65 to Nrf2 by Wogonin.  In vivo , Wogonin potentiated the inhibitory effect of ADR on leukemia development by suppressing pY705-Stat3 and Nrf2 signaling. In summary, these results demonstrated Wogonin could combat chemoresistance effectively through inhibiting Nrf2 via Stat3/NF-κB signaling, and supported that Wogonin can be developed into an efficient natural sensitizer for resistant human myelogenous leukemia.

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Wogonin reversed resistant human myelogenous leukemia cells via inhibiting Nrf2 signaling by Stat3/NF-κB inactivation