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One of the important antiviral genetic strategies used in crop breeding is recessive resistance. Two  eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E  family genes,  eIF4E  and  eIFiso4E , are the most common recessive resistance genes whose absence inhibits infection by plant viruses in  Potyviridae, Carmovirus , and  Cucumovirus . Here, we show that another  eIF4E  family gene,  nCBP , acts as a novel recessive resistance gene in  Arabidopsis thaliana  toward plant viruses in  Alpha-  and  Betaflexiviridae . We found that infection by  Plantago asiatica mosaic virus  (PlAMV), a potexvirus, was delayed in  ncbp  mutants of  A. thaliana . Virus replication efficiency did not differ between an  ncbp  mutant and a wild type plant in single cells, but viral cell-to-cell movement was significantly delayed in the  ncbp  mutant. Furthermore, the accumulation of triple-gene-block protein 2 (TGB2) and TGB3, the movement proteins of potexviruses, decreased in the  ncbp  mutant. Inoculation experiments with several viruses showed that the accumulation of viruses encoding TGBs in their genomes decreased in the  ncbp  mutant. These results indicate that  nCBP  is a novel member of the  eIF4E  family recessive resistance genes whose loss impairs viral cell-to-cell movement by inhibiting the efficient accumulation of TGB2 and TGB3.

Deficiency of the eIF4E isoform nCBP limits the cell-to-cell movement of a plant virus encoding triple-gene-block proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana