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The pinewood nematode,  Bursaphelenchus xylophilus , recognized as a worldwide major forest pest, is a migratory endoparasitic nematode with capacity to feed on pine tissues and also on fungi colonizing the trees.  Bursaphelenchus mucronatus , the closest related species, differs from  B. xylophilus  on its pathogenicity, making this nematode a good candidate for comparative analyses. Secretome profiles of  B. xylophilus  and  B. mucronatus  were obtained and proteomic differences were evaluated by quantitative SWATH-MS. From the 681 proteins initially identified, 422 were quantified and compared between  B. xylophilus  and  B. mucronatus  secretomes and from these, 243 proteins were found differentially regulated: 158 and 85 proteins were increased in  B. xylophilus  and  B. mucronatus  secretomes, respectively. While increased proteins in  B. xylophilus  secretome revealed a strong enrichment in proteins with peptidase activity, the increased proteins in  B. mucronatus  secretome were mainly related to oxidative stress responses. The changes in peptidases were evaluated at the transcription level by RT-qPCR, revealing a correlation between the mRNA levels of four cysteine peptidases with secretion levels. The analysis presented expands our knowledge about molecular basis of  B. xylophilus  and  B. mucronatu s hosts interaction and supports the hypothesis of a key role of secreted peptidases in  B. xylophilus  pathogenicity.

Bursaphelenchus xylophilus and B. mucronatus secretomes: a comparative proteomic analysis