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An urgent need exists to identify more brown planthopper ( Nilaparvata lugens  Stål, BPH) resistance genes, which will allow the development of rice varieties with resistance to BPH to counteract the increased incidence of this pest species. Here, using bioinformatics and DNA sequencing approaches, we identified a novel BPH resistance gene, LOC_Os06g03240 (MSU LOCUS ID), from the rice variety Ptb33 in the interval between the markers RM19291 and RM8072 on the short arm of chromosome 6, where a gene for resistance to BPH was mapped by Jirapong Jairin  et al.  and renamed as “ Bph32 ”. This gene encodes a unique short consensus repeat (SCR) domain protein. Sequence comparison revealed that the  Bph32  gene shares 100% sequence identity with its allele in  Oryza latifolia . The transgenic introgression of  Bph32  into a susceptible rice variety significantly improved resistance to BPH. Expression analysis revealed that  Bph32  was highly expressed in the leaf sheaths, where BPH primarily settles and feeds, at 2 and 24 h after BPH infestation, suggesting that  Bph32  may inhibit feeding in BPH. Western blotting revealed the presence of Pph (Ptb33) and Tph (TN1) proteins using a Penta-His antibody, and both proteins were insoluble. This study provides information regarding a valuable gene for rice defence against insect pests.

Bph32, a novel gene encoding an unknown SCR domain-containing protein, confers resistance against the brown planthopper in rice