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This study examines the effects of manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve chitosan microspheres (Fe 3 O 4 @OMS-2@CTS) on anaerobic and aerobic microbial communities during sewage biological treatment. The addition of Fe 3 O 4 @OMS-2@CTS (0.25 g/L) resulted in enhanced levels of operational performance for decolourization dye X-3B. However, degradation dye X-3B inhibition in the presence of Fe 3 O 4 @OMS-2@CTS was recorded as greater than or equal to 1.00 g/L. Illumina MiSeq high throughput sequencing of the 16 S rRNA gene showed that 108 genera were observed during the anaerobic process, while only 71 genera were observed during the aerobic process. The largest genera ( Aequorivita ) decreased from 21.14% to 12.65% and the  Pseudomonas  genera increased from 10.57% to 12.96% according to the abundance in the presence of 0.25 g/L Fe 3 O 4 @OMS-2@CTS during the anaerobic process. The largest  Gemmatimonas  genera decreased from 21.46% to 11.68% and the  Isosphaerae  genera increased from 5.8% to 11.98% according to the abundance in the presence of 0.25 g/L Fe 3 O 4 @OMS-2@CTS during the aerobic process. Moreover, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results show that the valence states of Mn and Fe in Fe 3 O 4 @OMS-2@CTS changed during sewage biological treatment.

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The effects of manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieve chitosan microspheres on sludge bacterial community structures during sewage biological treatment