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The histone methyltransferase  SET8,  whose expression is regulated by miR-502 though the binding site in the 3′ UTR of SET8, implicated in cancer development. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of rs16917496 located in the miR-502 and SET8 binding site was analyzed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients, the  SET8  C/C genotype was independently associated with longer post-operative survival by multivariate analysis (relative risk, 2.250; 95% CI, 1.041–4.857;  p  = 0.039). Moreover, the reduced SET8 expression mediated by  SET8  C/C genotype was associated with longer ESCC survival. Functional assay indicated that the  SET8  knock down could inhibit proliferation and promote apoptosis of ESCC cells. The subsequent assay also showed the markedly inhibition of ESCC cell migration and invasion by  SET8  knock down. Our data suggested that the altering SET8 expression, which is mediated at least partly by miR-502 through changing the binding affinity between miR-502 and  SET8  3′ UTR, could modify the ESCC outcome by inhibiting the proliferation and invasion as well as promoting the apoptosis of ECSS cell. Our data indicated that SET8 was a new target for ESCC therapy.

miR-502 medaited histone methyltransferase SET8 expression is associated with outcome of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma