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Interspecific competition occurs when one species using a resource limits the use of that resource by another species. A dominance relationship between the species competing over a resource may result in asymmetric competition. Here, we tested the hypothesis that two sympatric treefrog species, the endangered  Hyla suweonensis  and the abundant  H. japonica , compete with each other over calling sites. We observed the locations of calling individuals of the two treefrog species in rice paddies and tested whether removing one species affected the calling locations of the other species. Individuals of the two species were spatially isolated within rice paddies, with  H. japonica  at the edges and  H. suweonensis  in the interior. Male  H. suweonensis  moved towards the edges of rice paddies when male  H. japonica  were removed from the area, whereas male  H. japonica  hardly moved when male  H. suweonensis  were removed. The results of both studies are consistent with asymmetric interspecific competition, in which the calling locations of  H. suweonensis  are affected by the calling activity of  H. japonica . In addition,  H. japonica  were found “sitting” on the substrate during call production, whereas  H. suweonensis  were “holding” onto vegetation. The difference in calling posture may represent an adaptive response to asymmetric interspecific competition.

Asymmetric competition over calling sites in two closely related treefrog species