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Dairy  Propionibacterium freudenreichii  is a candidate non-lactic acid probiotic. However, little information is available on the effect of  P. freudenreichii  on lifespan extension in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of  P. freudenreichii  on lifespan extension and to elucidate the mechanism of  P. freudenreichii -dependent lifespan extension in  Caenorhabditis elegans . The results showed that  P. freudenreichii  significantly ( p  < 0.05) extended the lifespan of  C. elegans  compared with  Escherichia coli  OP50, a standard food for the worm. Analysis of age-related biomarkers showed that  P. freudenreichii  retards ageing. Moreover,  P. freudenreichii  increased resistance against a human pathogen,  Salmonella typhimurium , through the activation of  skn-1 , which is involved in pathogen resistance in  C. elegans . Furthermore,  P. freudenreichii -fed  daf - 16, jnk-1, skn-1  or  daf-7  loss-of-function mutants showed an extended mean lifespan compared with  E. coli  OP50-fed worms. However, the increase in lifespan was not observed in  pmk-1, sek-1, mek-1, dbl-1, daf-12  or  daf-2  mutants, which suggests potential roles for these genes in  P. freudenreichii -induced longevity in  C. elegans . In conclusion,  P. freudenreichii  extends the lifespan of  C. elegans  via the p38 MAPK pathway involved in stress response and the TGF-β pathways associated with anti-inflammation processes in the immune system.

Dairy Propionibacterium extends the mean lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans via activation of the innate immune system