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Kai-Xin-San (KXS), a Chinese herbal decoction for anti-depression, is a combination of paired-herbs, i.e. Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (GR)-Polygalae Radix (PR) and Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma (ATR)-Poria (PO). The make-up of the paired-herbs has been commonly revised according to syndrome differentiation and treatment variation of individual. Currently, an optimized KXS (KXS 2012 ) was prepared by functional screening different combination of GR-PR and ATR-PO. The aim of this study was to verify the effect and underlying mechanism of KXS 2012  against depression in chronic mild stress (CMS)-induced depressive rats and in primary cultures of neurons and astrocytes. In rat model, the CMS-induced depressive symptoms were markedly alleviated by the treatment with KXS 2012 . The CMS-suppressed neurotransmitter amounts were restored in the presence of KXS 2012 . And the expressions of neurotropic factors and its corresponding receptors were increased under KXS 2012  administration. In cultured neurons, application of KXS 2012  could promote neurogenesis by inducing the expression of synaptotagmin and dendritic spine density. Moreover, application of KXS 2012  in cultured astrocytes, or in H 2 O 2 -stressed astrocytes, induced the expressions of neurotrophic factors: the increase might be associated with the modification of Erk1/2 and CREB phosphorylation. Our current results fully support the therapeutic efficacy of KXS 2012  against depression in cell and animal models.

scientific reports

A Chinese herbal decoction, reformulated from Kai-Xin-San, relieves the depression-like symptoms in stressed rats and induces neurogenesis in cultured neurons