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In our previous study with the brown planthopper (BPH),  Nilaparvata lugens , triazophos (tzp) treatments led to substantial up-regulation of a male spermatogenesis-associated protein 5-like gene ( NlSPATA5 ) compared to untreated controls. Mating with tzp-treated males significantly increased fecundity (as numbers of eggs laid), relative to females mated with untreated males. Because SPATA5 acts in mammalian sperm development and is expressed in testes, we posed the hypothesis that  Nl SPATA5 occurs in BPH seminal fluid and it operates in fecundity via mating. We tested the hypothesis by investigating the influence of suppressing  NlSPATA5  expression in BPH males on fecundity. Reduced expression of  NlSPATA5  led to decreased male accessory gland protein content and reproductive system development compared to controls. These changes in males led to prolonged pre-oviposition periods and decreased fecundity in females. For both genders, we recorded no difference in the body weight, oviposition periods, and longevity compared to controls.  NlSPATA5  suppression in males also led to decreased fat body and ovarian protein content, yeast-like symbionts abundance and ovarian development as well as vitellogenin gene expression in their mating partners. We infer that increased  Nl SPATA5 expression may be one molecular mechanism of tzp-driven reproduction and population increases in BPH.

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Suppressing male spermatogenesis-associated protein 5-like gene expression reduces vitellogenin gene expression and fecundity in Nilaparvata lugens Stål