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Haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) can mobilise into blood and produce immune cell lineages following stress. However, the homeostasis and function of HSPCs after infection in teleosts are less well known. Here, we report that  Listonella anguillarum  infection enhances HSPC mobilisation and reduces their differentiation into myeloid cells in ayu ( Plecoglossus altivelis ), an aquacultured teleost in East Asia. We established a colony-forming unit culture (CFU-C) assay to measure HSPCs using conditioned medium from peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with phytohaemagglutinin. The number of CFU-Cs decreased in the head kidney and increased in the blood and spleen of ayu infected with  L. anguillarum . HSPC mobilisation after  L. anguillarum  infection was mediated by norepinephrine. Furthermore, HSPCs from ayu treated with  L. anguillarum  lipopolysaccharide (LPS) showed defective myeloid differentiation and could no longer rescue  L. anguillarum- infected ayu. HSPC expansion was suppressed after  L. anguillarum  infection or its LPS treatment  in vitro . These results reveal a link between HSPC regulation and pathogen infection in teleosts.

Mobilisation and dysfunction of haematopoietic stem/progenitor cells after Listonella anguillarum infection in ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis