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We examined the photosynthetic responses of  Stipa baicalensis  to relative long-term exposure (42 days) to the predicted elevated temperature and water availability changes to determine the mechanisms through which the plant would acclimate to future climate change. Two thermal regimes (ambient and +4 °C) and three irrigation levels (partial, normal and excess) were used in environmental control chambers. The gas exchange parameters, light response curves and  A / C  i  curves were determined. The elevated temperature and partial irrigation reduced the net photosynthetic rate due to a limitation in the photosynthetic capacity instead of the intercellular CO 2  concentration. Partial irrigation decreased Rubisco activation and limited RuBP regeneration. The reduction in  V  cmax  increased with increasing temperature. Excess irrigation offset the negative effect of drought and led to a partial recovery of the photosynthetic capacity. Although its light use efficiency was restricted, the use of light and dark respiration by  Stipa baicalensis  was unchanged. We concluded that nonstomatal limitation was the primary reason for photosynthesis regulation in  Stipa baicalensis  under relative long-term climate change conditions. Although climate change caused reductions in the light use efficiency and photosynthetic rate, a self-photoprotection mechanism in  Stipa baicalensis  resulted in its high ability to maintain normal live activities.

A self-photoprotection mechanism helps Stipa baicalensis adapt to future climate change