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Nitrous oxide (N 2 O) is an important greenhouse gas, but large uncertainties remain in global budgets. Mangroves are thought to be a source of N 2 O to the atmosphere in spite of the limited available data. Here we report high resolution time series observations in pristine Australian mangroves along a broad latitudinal gradient to assess the potential role of mangroves in global N 2 O budgets. Surprisingly, five out of six creeks were under-saturated in dissolved N 2 O, demonstrating mangrove creek waters were a sink for atmospheric N 2 O. Air-water flux estimates showed an uptake of 1.52 ± 0.17 μmol m −2  d −1 , while an independent mass balance revealed an average sink of 1.05 ± 0.59 μmol m −2  d −1 . If these results can be upscaled to the global mangrove area, the N 2 O sink (~2.0 × 10 8  mol yr −1 ) would offset ~6% of the estimated global riverine N 2 O source. Our observations contrast previous estimates based on soil fluxes or mangrove waters influenced by upstream freshwater inputs. We suggest that the lack of available nitrogen in pristine mangroves favours N 2 O consumption. Widespread and growing coastal eutrophication may change mangrove waters from a sink to a source of N 2 O to the atmosphere, representing a positive feedback to climate change.

Pristine mangrove creek waters are a sink of nitrous oxide