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In a standard semiconductor laser, electrons and holes recombine viastimulated emission to emit coherent light, in a process that is far fromthermal equilibrium. Exciton-polariton condensates -- sharing the same basicdevice structure as a semiconductor laser, consisting of quantum wells coupledto a microcavity -- have been investigated primarily at densities far below theMott density for signatures of Bose-Einstein condensation. At high densitiesapproaching the Mott density, exciton-polariton condensates are generallythought to revert to a standard semiconductor laser, with the loss of strongcoupling. Here, we report the observation of a photoluminescence sideband athigh densities that cannot be accounted for by conventional semiconductorlasing. This also differs from an upper-polariton peak by the observation ofthe excitation power dependence in the peak-energy separation. Ourinterpretation as a persistent coherent electron-hole-photon coupling capturesseveral features of this sideband whereas many remain elusive. Understandingthe observation will lead to a development in non-equilibrium many-bodyphysics.

High-energy side-peak emission of exciton-polariton condensates in high density regime