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The elemental two-dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, silicene,germanene, and black phosphorus have attracted considerable attention due totheir fascinating physical properties. Structurally they possess the honeycombor distorted honeycomb lattices, which are composed of six-atom rings. Here wefind a new structure of 2D allotropes of group V elements composed ofeight-atom rings, which we name as the octagonal tiling (OT) structure.First-principles calculations indicate that these allotropes are dynamicallystable and are also thermally stable at temperatures up to 600 K. Theseallotropes are semiconductors with band gaps ranging from 0.3 to 2.0 eV, thusthey are potentially useful in near- and mid-infrared optoelectronic devices.OT-Bi is also a 2D topological insulator (TI) with a band gap of 0.33 eV, whichis the largest among the reported elemental 2D TIs, and this gap can beincreased further by applying compressive strains.

A new structure of two-dimensional allotropes of group V elements