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Anthracnose, caused by the  Colletotrichum  species of fungi, is one of the most serious diseases affecting jute in China. The disease causes chlorotic regions with black brown sunken necrotic pits on the surfaces of stems. In late stages of disease, plants undergo defoliation, dieback and blight, which make anthracnose a major threat to jute fiber production and quality in China. In this study, 7 strains of  Colletotrichum  fungi were isolated from diseased jute stems from Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangxi, and Henan plantations in China. Multi-locus sequence (ACT, TUB2, CAL, GS, GAPDH and ITS) analysis coupled with morphological assessment revealed that  C. fructicola ,  C. siamense  and  C. corchorum-capsularis  sp. nov. were associated with jute anthracnose in southeastern China.  C. fructicola  and  C. siamense  were previously not associated with jute anthracnose.  C. corchorum-capsularis  is a new species formally described here. Pathogenicity tests confirmed that all species can infect jute, causing anthracnose, however the virulence of the 3 species differed. This report is the first associating these three species with jute disease worldwide and is the first description of the pathogens responsible for jute anthracnose in China.

Colletotrichum species associated with jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) anthracnose in southeastern China