English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Nitrification directly contributes to the ammonia removal in sponges, and it plays an indispensable role in sponge-mediated nitrogen cycle. Previous studies have demonstrated genomic evidences of nitrifying lineages in the sponge  Theonella swinhoei . However, little is known about the transcriptional activity of nitrifying community in this sponge. In this study, combined DNA- and transcript-based analyses were performed to reveal the composition and transcriptional activity of the nitrifiers in  T. swinhoei  from the South China Sea. Transcriptional activity of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in this sponge were confirmed by targeting their nitrifying genes,16S rRNA genes and their transcripts. Phylogenetic analysis coupled with RDP rRNA classification indicated that archaeal 16S rRNA genes,  amoA  (the subunit of ammonia monooxygenase) genes and their transcripts were closely related to  Nitrosopumilus -like AOA; whereas nitrifying bacterial 16S rRNA genes,  nxrB  (the subunit of nitrite oxidoreductase) genes and their transcripts were closely related to  Nitrospira  NOB. Quantitative assessment demonstrated relative higher abundances of nitrifying genes and transcripts of  Nitrosopumilus -like AOA than those of  Nitrospira  NOB in this sponge. This study illustrated the transcriptional potentials of  Nitrosopumilus -like archaea and  Nitrospira  bacteria that would predominantly contribute to the nitrification functionality in the South China Sea  T. swinhoei .

Inhabitancy of active Nitrosopumilus-like ammonia-oxidizing archaea and Nitrospira nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in the sponge Theonella swinhoei