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Anisomycin, an antibiotic produced by  Streptomyces griseolus , strongly induces apoptosis in various tumor cells  in vitro , superior dramatically to adriamycin. The present study aims to elucidate its detailed mechanistic process. The results showed that anisomycin sufficiently promoted the apoptosis in human leukemic Jurkat T cells at a quite low dose. microRNA let-7c (let-7c) contributed to the anisomycin-induced apoptosis, which could be abrogated by the inactivation of JNK signaling. The let-7c over-expression and the addition of its mimics facilitated the activation of AP-1, STAT1 and Bim by linking JNK1/2 to AP-1/STAT1, but rather inhibited the activation of STAT3 and Bcl-xL by connecting JNK1/2 to STAT3, followed by the augmented apoptosis in the cells. The let-7c deficiency reduced the AP-1, STAT1 and Bim activities, and enhanced the STAT3 and Bcl-xL, alleviating the anisomycin-induced apoptosis. The knockdown of the  bim  gene repressed the anisomycin-boosted apoptosis through the attenuation of the active Bak and Bax. The findings indicate for the first time that miR let-7c is essential for the anisomycin-triggered apoptosis by linking JNK1/2 to AP-1/STAT1/STAT3/Bim/Bcl-xL/Bax/Bak signaling. This provides a novel insight into the mechanism by which anisomycin leads to the tumor cell apoptosis, potentially laying the foundations for its development and clinical application.

microRNA let-7c is essential for the anisomycin-elicited apoptosis in Jurkat T cells by linking JNK1/2 to AP-1/STAT1/STAT3 signaling