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Solar flares signify the sudden release of magnetic energy and are sources ofso called space weather. The fine structures (below 500 km) of flares arerarely observed and are accessible to only a few instruments world-wide. Herewe present observation of a solar flare using exceptionally high resolutionimages from the 1.6~m New Solar Telescope (NST) equipped with high orderadaptive optics at Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO). The observation revealsthe process of the flare in unprecedented detail, including the flare ribbonpropagating across the sunspots, coronal rain (made of condensing plasma)streaming down along the post-flare loops, and the chromosphere's response tothe impact of coronal rain, showing fine-scale brightenings at the footpointsof the falling plasma. Taking advantage of the resolving power of the NST, wemeasure the cross-sectional widths of flare ribbons, post-flare loops andfootpoint brighenings, which generally lie in the range of 80-200 km, wellbelow the resolution of most current instruments used for flare studies.Confining the scale of such fine structure provides an essential piece ofinformation in modeling the energy transport mechanism of flares, which is animportant issue in solar and plasma physics.

Unprecedented Fine Structure of a Solar Flare Revealed by the 1.6~m New Solar Telescope