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Plant  cis -elements play important roles in global regulation of gene expression. Based on microarray data from rice flag leaves during early senescence, we identified W-box and G-box  cis -elements as positive regulators of senescence in the important rice variety Minghui 63. Both  cis- elements were bound by leaf senescence-specific proteins  in vitro  and influenced senescence  in vivo . Furthermore, combination of the two elements drove enhanced expression during leaf senescence, and copy numbers of the  cis -elements significantly affected the levels of expression. The W-box is the cognate  cis- element for WRKY proteins, while the G-box is the cognate  cis- element for bZIP, bHLH and NAC proteins. Consistent with this, WRKY, bZIP, bHLH and NAC family members were overrepresented among transcription factor genes up-regulated according during senescence. Crosstalk between ABA, CTK, BR, auxin, GA and JA during senescence was uncovered by comparing expression patterns of senescence up-regulated transcription factors. Together, our results indicate that hormone-mediated signaling could converge on leaf senescence at the transcriptional level through W-box and G-box elements. Considering that there are very few documented early senescence-related  cis -elements, our results significantly contribute to understanding the regulation of flag leaf senescence and provide prioritized targets for stay-green trait improvement.

W-box and G-box elements play important roles in early senescence of rice flag leaf