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Cigarette smoking has been shown to be a health hazard. In addition to being considered a negative lifestyle behavior, studies have shown that cigarette smoking has been linked to genetic underpinnings of hypertension. Because African Americans have the highest incidence and prevalence of hypertension, we examined the joint effect of genetics and cigarette smoking on health among this understudied population. The sample included African Americans from the genome wide association studies of HyperGEN (N = 1083, discovery sample) and GENOA (N = 1427, replication sample), both part of the FBPP. Results suggested that 2 SNPs located on chromosomes 14 ( NEDD8 ; rs11158609; raw p = 9.80 × 10 −9 , genomic control-adjusted p = 2.09 × 10 −7 ) and 17 ( TTYH2 ; rs8078051; raw p = 6.28 × 10 −8 , genomic control-adjusted p = 9.65 × 10 −7 ) were associated with SBP including the genetic interaction with cigarette smoking. These two SNPs were not associated with SBP in a main genetic effect only model. This study advances knowledge in the area of main and joint effects of genetics and cigarette smoking on hypertension among African Americans and offers a model to the reader for assessing these risks. More research is required to determine how these genes play a role in expression of hypertension.

A Genome-wide study of blood pressure in African Americans accounting for gene-smoking interaction