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Precision-cut slices of  in vivo  tumours permit interrogation  in vitro  of heterogeneous cells from solid tumours together with their native microenvironment. They offer a low throughput but high content  in vitro  experimental platform. Using mouse models as surrogates for three common human solid tumours, we describe a standardised workflow for systematic comparison of tumour slice cultivation methods and a tissue microarray-based method to archive them. Cultivated slices were compared to their  in vivo  source tissue using immunohistochemical and transcriptional biomarkers, particularly of cellular stress. Mechanical slicing induced minimal stress. Cultivation of tumour slices required organotypic support materials and atmospheric oxygen for maintenance of integrity and was associated with significant temporal and loco-regional changes in protein expression, for example HIF-1α. We recommend adherence to the robust workflow described, with recognition of temporal-spatial changes in protein expression before interrogation of tumour slices by pharmacological or other means.

Capturing complex tumour biology in vitro: histological and molecular characterisation of precision cut slices