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Glaucumolides A ( 1 ) and B ( 2 ), novel biscembranes composed of an unprecedented α,β-unsaturated ε-lactone, along with the known metabolites ximaolide A ( 3 ) and isosarcophytonolide D ( 4 ), were isolated from the cultured soft coral  Sarcophyton glaucum . The structures of the new metabolites were determined by extensive spectroscopic analyses. Compounds  1  and  2  were shown to exhibit cytotoxicity against a limited panel of cancer cell lines. In anti-inflammation assay, compounds  1  and  2  displayed strong inhibition of superoxide anion generation and elastase release in human neutrophils stimulated by fMLP/CB. Furthermore, both  1  and  2  were shown to significantly inhibit the accumulation of the pro-inflammatory inducible nitric oxide synthase protein, and compounds  1 − 3  were found to effectively reduce the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 protein, in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophage cells.

Glaucumolides A and B, Biscembranoids with New Structural Type from a Cultured Soft Coral Sarcophyton glaucum