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To determine how well DNA barcodes from the chloroplast region perform in forest dynamics plots (FDPs) from global CTFS-ForestGEO network, we analyzed DNA barcoding sequences of 1277 plant species from a wide phylogenetic range (3 FDPs in tropics, 5 in subtropics and 5 in temperate zone) and compared the rates of species discrimination (RSD). We quantified RSD by two DNA barcode combinations ( rbc L +  mat K and  rbc L +  mat K +  trn H- psb A) using a monophyly-based method (GARLI). We defined two indexes of closely-related taxa (G m /G t  and S/G ratios) and correlated these ratios with RSD. The combination of  rbc L +  mat K averagely discriminated 88.65%, 83.84% and 72.51% at the local, regional and global scales, respectively. An additional locus  trn H- psb A increased RSD by 2.87%, 1.49% and 3.58% correspondingly. RSD varied along a latitudinal gradient and were negatively correlated with ratios of closely-related taxa. Successes of species discrimination generally depend on scales in global FDPs. We suggested that the combination of  rbc L +  mat K +  trn H- psb A is currently applicable for DNA barcoding-based phylogenetic studies on forest communities.

Closely-related taxa influence woody species discrimination via DNA barcoding: evidence from global forest dynamics plots