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Nematodes are known to be harmful to various crops, vegetables, plants and insects. The present study reports that, chitin upregulates the activity of chitinase (20%) and nematicidal potential (15%) of  Pseudomonas aeruginosa . The chitinase gene ( pachi ) from  P. aeruginosa  was cloned, and its nematicidal activity of pachi protein against  Caenorhabditis elegans  was studied. The mortality rate induced by pachi increased by 6.3-fold when in association with Cry21Aa from  Bacillus thuringiensis . Pachi efficiently killed  C. elegans  in its native state (LC 50  = 387.3 ± 31.7 μg/ml), as well as in association with Cry21Aa (LC 50  = 30.9 ± 4.1 μg/ml), by degrading the cuticle, egg shell and intestine in a relatively short time period of 24 h. To explore the nematidal potential of chitinase, six fusion proteins were constructed using gene engineering techniques. The CHACry showed higher activity against  C. elegans  than others owing to its high solubility. Notably, the CHACry showed a synergistic factor of 4.1 versus 3.5 a mixture [1:1] of pachi and Cry21Aa. The present study has identified eco-friendly biological routes ( e.g.,  mixed proteins, fusion proteins) with potent nematicidal activity, which not only can help to prevent major crop losses but also strengthen the agro-economy and increase gross crop yield.

Enhanced nematicidal potential of the chitinase pachi from Pseudomonas aeruginosa in association with Cry21Aa