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Regulating and ameliorating enzyme expression and activity greatly affects the performance of a given synthetic pathway. In this study, a new synthetic pathway for  cis, cis -muconic acid ( cc MA) production was reconstructed without exogenous induction by regulating the constitutive expression of the important enzyme catechol 1,2-dioxygenase (CatA). Next, new CatAs with significantly improved activities were developed to enhance  cc MA production using structure-assisted protein design. Nine mutations were designed, simulated and constructed based on the analysis of the CatA crystal structure. These results showed that mutations at Gly72, Leu73 and/or Pro76 in CatA could improve enzyme activity, and the activity of the most effective mutant was 10-fold greater than that of the wild-type CatA from  Acinetobacter  sp. ADP1. The most productive synthetic pathway with a mutated CatA increased the titer of  cc MA by more than 25%. Molecular dynamic simulation results showed that enlarging the entrance of the substrate-binding pocket in the mutants contributed to their increased enzyme activities and thus improved the performance of the synthetic pathway.

Engineering catechol 1, 2-dioxygenase by design for improving the performance of the cis, cis-muconic acid synthetic pathway in Escherichia coli