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Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are widely prevalent in the genomes of bacteria and archaea. These modules have been identified in  Escherichia coli  and various other bacteria. However, their presence in the genome of  Streptococcus suis , an important zoonotic pathogen, has received little attention. In this study, we describe the identification and characterization of a type II TA system, comprising the chromosomal  yefM-yoeB  locus of  S. suis . The  yefM-yoeB  locus is present in the genome of most serotypes of  S. suis . Overproduction of  S. suis  YoeB toxin inhibited the growth of  E. coli , and the toxicity of  S. suis  YoeB could be alleviated by the antitoxin YefM from  S. suis  and  Streptococcus pneumoniae , but not by  E. coli  YefM. More importantly, introduction of the  S. suis yefM-yoeB  system into  E. coli  could affect cell growth. In a murine infection model, deletion of the  yefM-yoeB  locus had no effect on the virulence of  S. suis  serotype 2. Collectively, our data suggested that the  yefM-yoeB  locus of  S. suis  is an active TA system without the involvement of virulence.

Identification and characterization of the chromosomal yefM-yoeB toxin-antitoxin system of Streptococcus suis