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A strategy has been adopted for simultaneous morphology manipulation and upconversion luminescence enhancement of β-NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Er 3+  microcrystals by simply tuning the KF dosage. X-ray power diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence spectra (PL) were used to characterize the samples. The influence of molar ratio of KF to Y 3+  on the crystal phase and morphology has been systematically investigated and discussed. It is found that the molar ratio of KF to Y 3+  can strongly control the morphology of the as-synthesized β-NaYF 4  samples because of the different capping effect of F −  ions on the different crystal faces. The possible formation mechanism has been proposed on the basis of a series of time-dependent experiments. More importantly, the upconversion luminescence of β-NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ /Er 3+  was greatly enhanced by increasing the molar ratio of KF to RE 3+  (RE = Y, Yb, Er), which is attributed to the distortion of local crystal field symmetry around lanthanide ions through K +  ions doping. This synthetic methodology is expected to provide a new strategy for simultaneous morphology control and remarkable upconversion luminescence enhancement of yttrium fluorides, which may be applicable for other rare earth fluorides.

Simultaneous morphology manipulation and upconversion luminescence enhancement of β-NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ microcrystals by simply tuning the KF dosage