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Endophytes are microbes and fungi that live inside plant tissues without damaging the host. Herein we examine the dynamic changes in the endophytic bacterial community in potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) tuber in response to pathogenic infection by  Pectobacterium atrosepticum,  which causes soft rot in numerous economically important crops. We quantified community changes using both cultivation and next-generation sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene and found that, despite observing significant variability in both the mass of macerated tissue and structure of the endophytic community between individual potato tubers,  P. atrosepticum  is always taken over by the endophytes during maceration. 16S rDNA sequencing revealed bacteria from the phyla  Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Acidobacteria,  TM7, and  Deinococcus-Thermus . Prior to infection,  Propionibacterium acnes  is frequently among the dominant taxa, yet is out competed by relatively few dominant taxa as the infection proceeds. Two days post-infection, the most abundant sequences in macerated potato tissue are  Gammaproteobacteria . The most dominant genera are  Enterobacter  and  Pseudomonas . Eight days post-infection, the number of anaerobic pectolytic  Clostridia  increases, probably due to oxygen depletion. These results demonstrate that the pathogenesis is strictly initiated by the pathogen ( sensu stricto ) and proceeds with a major contribution from the endophytic community.

Microbial population dynamics in response to Pectobacterium atrosepticum infection in potato tubers