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Adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) is a constitutive mitochondrial component that is involved in ADP/ATP exchange and mitochondrion-mediated apoptosis in yeast and mammals. However, little is known about the function of ANT in pathogenic fungi. In this study, we identified an ANT gene of  Puccinia striiformis  f. sp.  tritici  ( Pst ), designated  PsANT . The  PsANT  protein contains three typical conserved mitochondrion-carrier-protein (mito-carr) domains and shares more than 70% identity with its orthologs from other fungi, suggesting that ANT is conserved in fungi. Immuno-cytochemical localization confirmed the mitochondrial localization of  PsANT  in normal  Pst  hyphal cells or collapsed cells. Over-expression of  PsANT  indicated that  PsANT  promotes cell death in tobacco, wheat and fission yeast cells. Further study showed that the three mito-carr domains are all needed to induce cell death. qRT-PCR analyses revealed an in-planta induced expression of  PsANT  during infection. Knockdown of  PsANT  using a host-induced gene silencing system (HIGS) attenuated the growth and development of virulent  Pst  at the early infection stage but not enough to alter its pathogenicity. These results provide new insight into the function of  PsANT  in fungal cell death and growth and might be useful in the search for and design of novel disease control strategies.

PsANT, the adenine nucleotide translocase of Puccinia striiformis, promotes cell death and fungal growth