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The influence of annealing time on temperature range of martensitic phase transition (ΔT A-M ), thermal hysteresis (ΔT hys ), magnetic hysteresis loss (ΔM hys ), magnetic entropy change (ΔS M ) and relative refrigeration capacity (RC) of the Mn-rich Ni 43 Mn 46 Sn 11  melt spun ribbons have been systematically studied. By optimal annealing, an extremely large ΔS M  of 43.2 J.kg −1 K −1  and a maximum RC of 221.0 J.kg −1  could be obtained respectively in a field change of 5 T. Both ΔT A-M  and ΔT hys  decreases after annealing, while ΔM hys  and ΔS M  first dramatically increase to a maximum then degenerates as increase of annealing time. A large effective cooling capacity (RC eff ) of 115.4 J.kg −1  was achieved in 60 min annealed ribbons, which increased 75% compared with that unannealed ribbons. The evolution of magnetic properties and magnetocaloric effect has been discussed and proved by atomic ordering degree, microstructure and composition analysis.

Enhanced magnetic refrigeration properties in Mn-rich Ni-Mn-Sn ribbons by optimal annealing