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Four new ambuic acid derivatives (1–4), and four known derivatives (5–8), were isolated from the solid culture of a plant pathogenic fungus  Pestalotiopsis neglecta . Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR experiments. The absolute configuration of the C-16 secondary alcohol in 1 was deduced via the CD data of the in situ formed [Rh 2 (OCOCF 3 ) 4 ] complex with the acetonide derivative of 1. The absolute configuration in 3 was assigned by comparison of the experimental and simulated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectrum. The NMR data of compound 5 was reported for the first time. In the nitric oxide (NO) inhibition assay, compounds 4, 6 and 7 showed inhibitory activity against the NO production in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage with IC 50  values of 88.66, 11.20, and 20.80 µM, respectively.

New ambuic acid derivatives from the solid culture of Pestalotiopsis neglecta and their nitric oxide inhibitory activity