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The gut microbiota plays an important role in nutrient digestibility in animals. To examine changes in the pig gut microbiota across growth stages and its effects on nutrient digestion, the gut microbiota population in pigs at 28 days (before weaning), and 60, 90, and 150 days of age was assessed by 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The apparent digestibility of crude fiber (CF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP) and ether extract (EE) was also assessed in these pigs. A total of 19,875 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified from all samples. Both bacterial abundance and diversity increased with age. A total of 22 phyla and 249 genera were identified from all fecal samples;  Firmicutes  and  Bacteroidetes  were the most dominant phyla in all samples. With increasing age, the proportion of  TM7  and  Tenericutes  increased, whereas the proportion of  Lentisphaerae  and  Synergistetes  decreased. The abundance of 36 genera varied with age, and the apparent digestibility of CF increased with age. Three phyla,  Proteobacteria ,  Tenericutes  and  TM7 , and 11 genera, including  Anaeroplasma ,  Campylobacter , and  Clostridium , were correlated with apparent CF digestibility.

Dynamic Distribution of the Gut Microbiota and the Relationship with Apparent Crude Fiber Digestibility and Growth Stages in Pigs