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This study investigates interactions between recently identified denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) and anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) processes in controlled anoxic laboratory reactors. Two reactors were seeded with the same inocula containing DAMO organisms  Candidatus  Methanoperedens nitroreducens and  Candidatus  Methylomirabilis oxyfera, and anammox organism  Candidatus  Kuenenia stuttgartiensis. Both were fed with ammonium and methane, but one was also fed with nitrate and the other with nitrite, providing anoxic environments with different electron acceptors. After steady state reached in several months, the DAMO process became solely/primarily responsible for nitrate reduction while the anammox process became solely responsible for nitrite reduction in both reactors. 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing showed that the nitrate-driven DAMO organism  M. nitroreducens  dominated both the nitrate-fed (~70%) and the nitrite-fed (~26%) reactors, while the nitrite-driven DAMO organism  M. oxyfera  disappeared in both communities. The elimination of  M. oxyfera  from both reactors was likely the results of this organism being outcompeted by anammox bacteria for nitrite.  K.   stuttgartiensis  was detected at relatively low levels (1–3%) in both reactors.

A laboratory investigation of interactions between denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation (DAMO) and anammox processes in anoxic environments