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It is very challenging to achieve near perfect absorption/emission that isboth broadband and omnidirectional while utilizing a scalable fabricationprocess. Femtosecond laser surface processing is an emerging low-cost andlarge-scale manufacturing technique used to directly and permanently modify thesurface properties of a material. The versatility of this technique to producetailored surface properties has resulted in a rapidly growing number ofapplications. Here, we demonstrate near perfect, broadband, omnidirectionalemissivity from aluminum surfaces by tuning the laser surface processingparameters including fluence, pulse count, and the ambient gas. Full-wavesimulations and experimental results prove that the obtained increase inemissivity is mainly a result of two distinct features produced by femtosecondlaser surface processing: the introduction of microscale surface features andthe thick oxide layer. This technique leads to functionalized metallic surfacesthat are ideal for emerging applications, such as passive radiative cooling andthermal management of spacecraft.

Near-unity broadband omnidirectional emissivity via femtosecond laser surface processing