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Contrasting the well explored problem on how to steer a macroscopic agentlike an airplane or a moon lander to optimally reach a target, "optimalmicroswimming", i.e. the quest for the optimal navigation strategy formicroswimmers, remains unsolved. Here, we systematically explore this problemand show that the characteristic flow field of microswimmers cruciallyinfluences the required navigation strategy to reach a target fastest. Theresulting optimal trajectories can have remarkable and non-intuitive shapes,which qualitatively differ from those of dry active particles or motilemacroagents. Our results provide generic insights into the role ofhydrodynamics and fluctuations on optimal navigation at the microscale andsuggest that microorganisms might have survival advantages when strategicallycontrolling their distance to remote walls. In particular, when fluctuationsare present, choosing the optimal strategy, which appropriately respectshydrdynamics, can halve the time to reach the target compared to casesmicroswimmers head straight towards it.

Hydrodynamics can Determine the Optimal Route for Microswimmer Navigation