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Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) are commonly classified asquasi-two-dimensional materials, meaning that their electronic structureclosely resembles that of an individual layer, which results in resistivityanisotropies reaching thousands. Here, we show that this rule does not hold for1T-TaS2 - a compound with the richest phase diagram among TMDs. While the onsetof charge density wave order makes the in-plane conduction non-metallic, wereveal that the out-of-plane charge transport is metallic and the resistivityanisotropy is close to one. We support our findings with ab-initio calculationspredicting a pronounced quasi-one-dimensional character of the electronicstructure. Consequently, we interpret the highly debated metal-insulatortransition in 1T-TaS2 as a quasi-one-dimensional instability, contrary to thelong-standing Mott localisation picture. In a broader context, these findingsare relevant for the newly born field of van der Waals heterostructures, wheretuning interlayer interactions (e.g. by twist, strain, intercalation, etc.)leads to new emergent phenomena.

Preferential out-of-plane conduction and quasi-one-dimensional electronic states in layered 1T-TaS2