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Essential insights on the characterization and quality of a detectablebiosphere are gained by analyzing the effects of its environmental parameters.We compiled environmental and biological properties of the Phanerozoic Eon fromvarious published data sets and conducted a correlation analysis to assessvariations in parameters relevant to the habitability of Earth's biosphere. Weshowed that environmental parameters such as oxygen, global average surfacetemperatures, runoff rates and carbon dioxide are interrelated and play a keyrole in the changes of biomass and biodiversity. We showed that there wereseveral periods with a highly thriving biosphere, with one even surpassingpresent day biodiversity and biomass. Those periods were characterized byincreased oxygen levels and global runoff rates, as well as moderate globalaverage surface temperatures, as long as no large or rapid positive and/ornegative temperature excursions occurred. High oxygen contents are diagnosticof biomass production by continental plant life. We find that exceptionallyhigh oxygen levels can at least in one instance compensate for decreasedrelative humidities, providing an even more habitable environment compared totoday. Beyond Earth, these results will help us to understand how environmentalparameters affect biospheres on extrasolar planets and guide us in our searchfor extraterrestrial life.

Variations in climate habitability parameters and their effect on Earth's biosphere during the Phanerozoic Eon