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Methicillin-resistant  Staphylococcus aureus  (MRSA) is responsible for hard-to-treat infections. The presence of 19 virulence genes in 120 MRSA isolates obtained from hospitalized patients and genetic relationships of these isolates were investigated. The  eno  (100%) and  ebps  (93.3%) genes encoding laminin- and elastin binding proteins, respectively, were ubiquitous. Other adhesion genes:  fib  (77.5%),  fnbB  (41.6%),  bbp  (40.8%),  cna  (30.8%) encoding proteins binding fibrinogen, fibronectin, bone sialoprotein and collagen, respectively, and  map / eap  (62.5%), encoding Eap, were also frequent. The  etB  and  etD  genes, encoding exfoliative toxins, were present in 15.6% and 12.5% isolates, respectively. The  splA ,  splE  and  sspA , encoding serine protease were detected in 100%, 70.8% and 94.2% isolates, respectively. The  tst  gene, encoding toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 was found in 75% isolates. The  cna ,  map/eap  and  tst  genes were the most common in wound isolates and much less common in blood isolates. We identified 45 different  spa  types, t003 (21.7%) and t008 (18.8%) being the most common. The t003 was the most frequent among isolates from the respiratory tract (35.5%), while t008 in blood isolates (40%). Identification of virulence factors of MRSA is important for evaluation of pathogen transmission rate and disease development.

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The prevalence of virulence determinants in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from different infections in hospitalized patients in Poland