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Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common vaginal infection in reproductive women, which is characterized by depleted level of lactic acid bacteria and overgrowth of anaerobes such as  Gardnerella vaginalis  spp. Lactic acid bacteria have been known to be beneficial for amelioration of BV, since they produce antimicrobial substances against  G. vaginalis  spp. The objectives of this study were to characterize different fractions of cell-free supernatant of  Lactobacillus paracasei  CH88 (LCFS) and investigate antibacterial activity of the LCFS fractions against  G. vaginalis  in-vitro and in-vivo. Antibacterial activity of the LCFS was stable during thermal treatment up to 120 °C for 30 min and maintained at pH ranging from 3.0 to 13.0 except pH 5.0. Fraction below 3 kDa of the LCFS partially lost its antibacterial activity after treatment with proteolytic enzymes. Precipitated protein fraction below 3 kDa of the LCFS (&lt; 3 kDa LCFSP) inhibited the growth and biofilm formation of  G. vaginalis . Treatment of  L. paracasei  CH88 or the &lt; 3 kDa LCFSP attenuated  G. vaginalis -induced BV in mice by inhibiting the growth of  G. vaginalis , reducing exfoliation of vaginal epithelial cells, and regulating immune response. These results suggest that  L. paracasei  CH88 may have potential in ameliorating  G. vaginalis -induced BV.

Antibacterial effect of cell-free supernatant fraction from Lactobacillus paracasei CH88 against Gardnerella vaginalis